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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medications can be a valuable tool for managing anxiety symptoms. Psychologists have extensive experience in the use of medications and are able to formulate appropriate prescriptions that will minimize side effects. Treatment for anxiety disorders is typically three-pronged, including therapy, medication and exercise. SSRIs are the first-choice medication to treat anxiety, but they can take several weeks for them to work. SSRIs Most anxiety disorders are treated with SSRIs. The latest SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than older tricyclics and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. Several SSRIs are FDA-approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil), sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These drugs increase serotonin levels in the brain. They can also aid in the increase of norepinephrine and BDNF. They can be used by themselves or in conjunction with psychotherapy. SSRIs can cause nausea and digestive problems, but these side effects typically subside when the body is accustomed to the medication. The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs help with anxiety is not fully understood. It is believed that SSRIs block the reuptake serotonin by the post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin in the synaptic gaps. This increases the signaling across the synapses and reduces anxiety symptoms. In addition to decreasing anxiety, SSRIs may reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental disorders which are often linked to anxiety disorders. They can be utilized in conjunction with psychotherapy and other forms of cognitive behavior therapy, which can enhance their effectiveness. In contrast to other classes of antidepressants, SSRIs are not believed to be addictive. Nevertheless, it is important to follow your doctor's prescriptions precisely. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it could cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back. If SSRIs are not suitable for your needs, your doctor may try a different class of antidepressants, like nefazodone or mirtazapine. These medications are also efficient, but they carry more risk of having adverse reactions than the more recent SSRIs. SSRIs may interact with certain foods such as dairy products and red meat, eggs and certain fruits and vegetables. It is advised to avoid these foods if taking these medications. In addition it is generally advised to avoid drinking alcohol when taking SSRIs since it can make it more difficult to deal with certain adverse reactions. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines increase the calming effects of certain chemical substances within the nervous system and brain. They function by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter named gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which inhibits the nerves' activity. These drugs can be effective in treating anxiety, insomnia and other mental disorders. They can be addictive and should be used only for a short time under medical supervision. They can be harmful when used for recreational purposes, or combined with alcohol and other substances. It is not uncommon for medications to be the first thing people seek out when they're suffering from an anxiety disorder However, they're not the only treatment option. Talk therapy or psychotherapy has also been shown as an effective way to reduce anxiety symptoms. There are many different psychotherapies, however cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most well-known and effective. This type of therapy teaches you to alter your thinking and behavior to are less stressed. Alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam Clorazepate, lorazepam, and quazepam are among the most common benzodiazepines. Each one has its own set of side effects, but they all have similar properties pharmacologically. For instance, clorazepate is more effective in treating seizures than other benzodiazepines. Likewise, lorazepam is more effective for treating anxiety disorders than quazepam. Benzodiazepines are extremely effective, but they should not be used long-term because they may cause physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they can cause withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop taking them suddenly for a short period of time, such as sweating, a heart beating and shaking. Symptoms can be very uncomfortable and last for weeks but they can be reduced by slowly tapering off the medication. Benzodiazepines are extremely addictive and should be taken only for a brief period of time – usually no more than 4 weeks. You must monitor your heart rate, blood pressure and breathing closely during this time to ensure that you don't have a severe reaction. If you're thinking of getting a benzodiazepine prescription, consult your physician about your history of substance abuse. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers can be employed to treat anxiety-related issues. These medications prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors within your nervous system. This prevents the hormone producing physical reactions such as heart palpitations or tremors. These drugs are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular issues, but they can also be prescribed for non-pharmacological use in cases of anxiety. When you're stressed your body produces a chemical dubbed adrenaline which signals your body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline is a beta receptor that is found in the brain and heart and causes your heart to beat more quickly and triggering a variety of physical reactions. Beta-blockers, the name of a class of medication that are used to treat hypertension and various heart diseases they work by preventing the binding action of adrenaline which reduces your heart rate and blood pressure. In contrast to SSRIs and benzodiazepines that require a long time to make a noticeable difference in your symptoms, beta-blockers can be acted upon quickly. This makes them a great choice for those who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms for instance, those who need to deliver speeches in public or travel on a plane. They also make a great option for people with anxiety and chronic heart conditions like atherosclerosis or congestive cardiac failure. Although beta-blockers are effective in decreasing physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not tackle the root cause of the condition. They are therefore only prescribed as part of an extensive treatment plan that incorporates lifestyle changes and counseling. They are useful for people who have tried anti-anxiety medication but found it to be ineffective or had intolerable side effects. Propranolol, atenolol, as well as other beta-blockers are all available. Your doctor will determine which beta-blocker is right for you, based on your medical background and current health status. The use of these medicines can cause side effects, such as fatigue or low blood pressure, so it is important to discuss your treatment options with your doctor. MAOIs The first MAOIs were developed in the 1950s. monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants for some depression and anxiety disorders. They are not as commonly utilized as SSRIs or other antidepressants because of the strict dietary restrictions required and the potential for interactions with other drugs. Some MAOIs are taken orally in tablet form while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch applied to the skin each day. MAOIs block the action of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. panic anxiety disorder play an important role in mood, sleep and appetite, as in sexual function as well. MAOIs are anti-anxiety. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to cause side effects and are accompanied by warnings regarding suicide. Your doctor may prescribe additional medications or treatments to help manage your symptoms in addition the MAOIs below. For example, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may also suggest a relaxation method or other home remedies to ease your anxiety symptoms. Iproniazid was the first MAOI discovered in 1952 during research on tuberculosis. It was soon found to have mood-enhancing properties and is considered the first antidepressant medication. Typically, MAOIs are used when other antidepressants don't work, as they may cause serious adverse effects that require immediate medical attention. It could trigger a serious reaction that results in high blood pressure when you take an MAOI when you eat foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is present in a wide variety of cheeses and red meats as well as in fish, shellfish and some dietary supplements. This serious reaction can result in headache pain that is throbbing nausea, vomiting, and a fast heartbeat. MAOIs can also interact other medications and trigger extreme side effects, such as suicidal thoughts and behavior. Before prescribing MAOIs, your physician will talk with you about the foods you should avoid. They will instruct you to avoid eating any foods containing tyramine while taking the medication. He or she may also give you an inventory of food that is safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide will help you avoid MAOI-related symptoms.